The Early Twentieth Century and its wars Pre Please click here if you want to look back to and earlier in our local history of St Edmundsbury. South Africa War Queen Victoria's gift Quick links on this page Pageant, West Suffolk ill. The First Battalion of the Suffolk Regiment was in England when the South Africa War broke out in Octoberand was mobilised and sent to the Cape. In the first few months the British suffered many reverses. Patriotism ran high in these days of Empire, and Queen Victoria sent consignments of chocolate to the troops wishing them a Happy New Year for January 1st, This token of goodwill is well known from the First World War, but it was also a feature of the South African War.

The Suffolks' first battle was to assault Red Hill near Colesburg in January with heavy losses. The Boers gave the area the name of Suffolk Hill in recognition of their courage.

Back in Bury, January saw a rush to raise a Volunteer Company to go to the Cape. Thirty men from the 2nd Volunteer Battalion joined others from East Suffolk, Cambridgeshire and Cambridge University to train at Bury.

They left for South Africa on February 11th. On May 12th they joined the 1st Battalion The Suffolk Regiment, at the Vet River. Meanwhile on 23rd March, the 2nd Volunteer Company left Bury for Capetown, where they arrived on April 14th. They joined the Suffolk Regiment at Middleburg. InSuffolk was still a deeply rural county. Most people lived in the villages and towns of under people. Haverhill, like Thetford, had around 4, people.

Only 5 towns exceeded Rural life was however, in decline as foreign food imports undermined agricultural prices and thus wages. Also in decline was the use of water for transport as well as power. By September it was clear that the Receiver who was managing the Eastern Counties Navigation and Transport Company Limited, had decided to throw in the towel. He had been unable to raise more capital, and began to sell off the assets. Water mills along the river were finding it hard to compete with newer steam driven roller mills.

Bury Market on Wednesday and Saturday were important days for country folk to come to town to sell or buy produce. The White Lion was still an important Carriers' House indespite the decline of the Wagonners and Carters over the past 50 years since railways. Its yard in Brentgovel Street still saw up to 16 wagons pull in from the villages on market day mornings. The White Lion on the corner of Short Brackland was removed to make way for the Cornhill Walk shopping development. Not far from the White Lion stood the Griffin.

This very long established inn stood on the Cornhill at the top of St Johns Street. Like the White Lion nearby it was not a coaching inn, but was a major Carrier's House because it was next to the Great Market. In some 10 carrier's wagons used it as the base to and from the villages on market days.

The Castle was an inn next to Moyse's Hall, with a sizeable yard in Brentgovel Street. Not surprisingly, it was also used by carriers coming to and from the market.

The Relief of Mafeking. Things had not being going well in South Africa since Mafeking had been under siege since 13th Octoberthe day after the independent Boer Republic declared war. Colonel Baden-Powell had led a masterly defence, until a relief column finally arrived on 17th May,after a day siege.

When news reached home the streets were full of celebrating crowds in towns and cities all over the country. In Bury St Edmunds it was decided to celebrate the occasion along with the Queen's birthday on 24th May, and the Mayor had to quickly get arrangements made for a School holiday and a half day shop and business closure.

Bury was home to about 16, people, and building continued to be needed to house them. Most house building was by small local builders. Houses were largely built in pairs, or small terraces, like the pair of grandly named "villas" illustrated here in Hospital Road. The extra ornamental detailing probably indicated a higher priced dwelling than normal. Bury still voted Conservative, this time electing the very well known brewer, now Sir E Walter Greene, Bt, who lived his life as a wealthy sporting country gentleman.

Walter Greene, the Chairman of Greene King, was one of the country's super rich at this time. At Nether Hall in Thurston he kept a grand house, stables, a pack of deer hounds, and a herd of deer. He is pictured here inbut looking every inch the Edwardian sporting gentleman. Walter Greene had been defeated when he tried to become MP for North West Suffolk inbut this time he was unopposed.

This was fortunate for him, as he was not to prove much of a politician. Byhe had decided not to stand again. Site of electricity works.

At Bury the locals were proud to say that the streets and public buildings would soon be lit by electricity as the works, which belonged to the corporation, were completed in Under the Electric Lighting Act oflocal authorities were empowered to set up electricity undertakings. The generating station, and two cottages to house its key operatives, were located on the Playfields, off Prospect Row. Two Lancashire Boilers were installed driving two 60 kilowatt dynamoes. By a further 10 kilowatts capacity would be added, and further extensions would be carried out in and The site of the electricity undertaking is nowadays a car park, and Prospect Row is the road off King's Road which in the year was the major access road to the whole Cattle Market car park site.

It then became a service road for the Arc shopping development. Lancashire boilers at Power Station Bury St Edmunds. The Lancashire boiler was developed in by William Fairbairn. Although he was Scottish by birth, Fairbairn moved to Manchester after serving an apprenticeship in Newcastle-upon-Tyne.

He became one of the leading mechanical engineers of his day. His Lancashire boiler had twin furnace tubes side-by-side, which gave it a much larger heating surface than that of the older Cornish boiler. To produce steam, coal was shovelled through the firedoors at the end to maintain a fire in each of the furnace tubes.

A typical Lancashire boiler would consume around six tons of coal per day. Lancashire boilers were surrounded by brickwork flues. This meant that the hot flue gases produced by burning coal could circulate under and along the sides of the boiler before reaching the chimney.

Thus, instead of escaping straight up the chimney and being wasted, the flue gases helped to heat the water in the boiler. The Lancashire boilers at the Bury St Edmunds generating station were made by Crothers Limited of Sheffield, one of which is shown here in a photograph by G S Cousins, dated to or During the first street lighting by electricity was also being installed.

At first, there were just eight lighting columns which would receive a ceremonial switch-on early in The Bury St Edmunds Gas Company had been providing public street lighting by gas since These needed to be lit each evening by a team of lamp lighters, which was an expensive and sometimes ineffective method.

In February the changoeover from gas to electricity for street lighting would begin. In the Gas Company tried to raise its public profile by opening a Gas Showroom on the Cornhill. It hoped to promote the use of gas cookers, which it had introduced to Bury in These premises were rented and would close into be replaced by a showroom at the gas works in Tayfen Road. Water raising by windpower. Next door to the Electricity Generating station in the Corporation Yard was the Water Bore Hole for the town.

The pumping station had got the use of steam power, but this was supplemented by this wind pump, built in This was called the Simplex Pump, built by J W Titt, and had vanes of 60 feet across. It was the most modern wind engine of its day. Recently wind pumps had been added to the West Stow sewage works, and must have proved successful enough to be copied in town. At the same time a water storage reservoir and associated water tower was being built at West Road, one of the highest points in town.

By pumping water from the borehole up to the West Road tower, it would ensure that sufficient water pressure could be supplied by gravity through mains pipes to any location within the borough. Robert Boby, ironfounders of St Andrews Works in Bury St Edmunds was completing its new Northgate Foundry by the railway line. It seems that, in order to provide a convenient location for the new foundry workers, relocated from the town centre, a row of 16 cottages were built by Boby's on the hillside overlooking the foundry.

These were romantically named the "Klondyke Cottages", a reference to the gold rush in the Yukon, and a name that implied hope and prosperity, a new beginning, or a new frontier. Gradually the area became referred to as the Klondyke, and the name was later applied to the access lane to the cottages off the Beetons footpath, now called Beetons Way.

The Railway Mission was a charity founded in to bring the Gospel to people working on the railways. The railways employed thousands of men who often had to work during normal church hours. Inlocal railwaymen approached Mrs Arthur Ridley, about starting a railway mission in Bury St Edmunds.

Mrs Ridley was a widow, and a Congregationalist from the Northgate Street Chapel, and she began by leading services at the station. Since a room in the Station Master's house by the Northgate railway station in Bury St Edmunds had been used as the mission to railwaymen who worked on the Bury line.

By the pressure of numbers was such that a larger venue was required. Soon they had raised enough money amongst themselves, and the mission hall was ordered.

So on 30th May, the Railway Mission was opened in Bury St Edmunds, at Fornham Road, just past the railway bridge. It was pre-fabricated building, of the type which became called the "tin tabernacle. This was much cheaper than building a brick church. Soon there were Sunday services, a Sunday School, Mothers' Meetings, Young Persons Groups and a host of activities at the Mission Hall. In the hall had to be extended by 10 feet, and a 30 foot extension was added for the Sunday School.

Mrs Ridley, whose first name was Caroline, was the first Superintendent, a post she held for 21 years, until old age led her to retire in Early years Whitmore's Timber.

Across the road from the new chapel was Whitmore's blacksmith shop. In Austin Whitmore, son of T. Whitmore, started milling home grown round logs, and from here grew the massive business which would be bought up as part of the by-pass in Part of Whitmore's Yard is covered by Tesco's Supermarket today.

Vale and Richardson's shop received the large decorative clock which still hangs over the Thurlow Champness' shop at 14 Abbeygate Street in Bury St Edmunds today. In Haverhill, the Recreation Ground was opened, a gift from W. Gurteen to commemorate Queen Victoria's diamond Jubilee.

The Haverhill silk weaving firm of Kipling and Co was taken over by Walters. Their silk factory at Hamlet Green was later closed.

By the end of the nineteenth century Haverhill had almost come to resemble a red-brick midlands mill town, dominated by the Gurteen's Factory. Most of the people in Haverhill worked in some way for the Gurteen family. Houses were tightly crowded together as this view from St Mary's church tower in shows. There was much company housing, several non-conformist churches, a fine Town Hall given to the community by the Gurteen familya local newspaper and two railway stations, Haverhill South on the Colne Valley line, and Haverhill North on the Stour Valley line.

Domestic architecture included a block of twelve houses known as Weaver's Row each of which had three storeys, the middle one containing the loom. Around the town were no fewer than three windmills, including the unique ring-shaped Ruffles Mill on Chalkstone Hill, which was pulled down during the Second World War. The population of the town in was around 4, and Haverhill remained a small but active agricultural and industrial township.

Tye Green at Glemsford is said to be named because the Tythings were once held there. A very different public meeting was held there on a warm Saturday in August when a deputation from Ipswich and District Trades and Labour Council addressed the assembled factory workers.

Here the gathering of Mat Weavers was told that it was surprising the low wage paid to their craftsmen, and a wonder how they existed on it. The female workers of the silk industry were urged to combine and try and improve the conditions under which they worked. It is not recorded how the Glemsford workforce responded to these union recruiters. Some things did change, however. Hengrave Hall had passed out of the old aristocratic Gage family and into the hands of a rich ironmaster.

In Sir John Wood converted the church on the estate from Catholic to Protestant worship. He also restored the greatly decayed house, and built a new annexe.

Although some older features of the Tudor building were lost, without his work it may well have decayed away completely. At Great Barton the estate had been owned by the Bunbury family sinceand the seat of the lordship of Mildenhall and Great Barton had been at Barton Hall since then.

In Sir Henry Bunbury decided to leave Great Barton to live on his smaller estate at Mildenhall. He now intended to lease the Barton Estate to a suitable tenant.

Nearby, at Saxham Hall, Frank Riley Smith had been living in the Hall and running the small sporting estate since Frank Riley Smith was part owner of John Smith's Brewery in Tadcaster, Yorkshire, but left the running of the business to his brother. Frank had been born Frank Riley, and this was his name until he and his elder brother inherited the John Smith Brewery from their maternal uncle William. A condition was that the two nephews should take the name Smith in addition to Riley.

Riley Smith had devoted himself to hunting, and had formed a pack of beagles at Saxham. He was so successful that Sir Walter Greene, newly elected MP, asked him to take over Greene's own pack of Staghounds, which he had kept at Thurston since When Riley Smith heard that Barton Estate was available he took the lease with effect from Januaryand immediately spent a year on improving and modernising Barton Hall.

Volunteers ready for War. During andvolunteers continued to join up for the South Africa War, which dragged on into The picture shows a detachment of the Second Volunteer Battalion parading on Cornhill.

Note the large open space as the Boer War Memorial does not yet exist. Funeral of Queen Victoria. Queen Victoria died in January, the last monarch of the House of Hanover. The new king, Edward VII, was a Saxe-Coburg. Her funeral was on Saturday, February 2nd,and at Bury St Edmunds traders and public houses were invited to suspend business for the day. Many agricultural fields in our area contain old pits, often said to be for the extraction of marl to spread on the land.

Another use for chalk extraction was apparently to mend the roads as this report in the Bury Post for January 22nd describes: There was at first only eight lighting columns. To assist the change from gas to electric lighting, all gas powered street lamp columns and lanterns were sold to Bury St Edmunds Borough Council by the Gas Company.

The Gas Company now relied solely upon supplying gas to households and businesses, and to those public buildings which needed it until they converted to electricity. Gradually people would adopt electricity for lighting, but many preferred to cook by gas right up to the present day. Gas cookers were introduced to Bury St Edmunds in Electricity was also supplied to the Hospital in Hospital Road.

A new operating theatre was built as well. The picture here is from a contemporary postcard. It shows West Suffolk Hospital before its distinctive balconies were added in Greene King also connected to the electricity supply at this time.

Edward Lake had wanted to install their own electricity inbut he had been over-ruled by the Board. The census for tells us that Bury had a population of 16, at this time. Clare was 1, Haverhill was 4, and Sudbury was 7, Stanton wasIxworth wasand Horringer Lavenham had 2, and Long Melford had 3, people.

There had been a clock and watch business at 14 Abbeygate Street sincewhen it was started by George Lumley. In Edward Thurlow Champness, the son of the Headmaster of Northgate School, Ipswich, bought the jewellers and watch business at 14 Abbeygate Street from Mr Richardson, and the Champness family lived over the shop until The large trademark clock sign was apparently made in The business is still in that family today.

On May 3rd in the evening, the 1st Volunteer company returned home from the Boer War to a heroes welcome. Two officers and 98 men marched from the train station to Angel Hill, accompanied by large crowds, for a welcome home by the Mayor. They then returned to barracks and were demobbed the next day. The 2nd Volunteer Company arrived back to another warm welcome in early June. The Fire Station in the Shambles had been opened in A number of pictures were taken of the brigade on 4th May,and this may be one of that series.

Whit Monday was on May 27th and the Brigade was expected to put on a display for the crowds. The fireman on the right of the picture is thought to be Engineer Vincent Baldwin who went on to have a long career in the service.

In the background may be seen the International Stores at 23 Cornhill, opened inwith a banner advertising tickets on sale for the Hardwick Fete on Whit Monday.

Barge traffic on the River Lark above Mildenhall was now minimal, and deeply unprofitable. Most of the physical assets of the company had already been disposed of, but it still owned the Lark Navigation rights, and they still had a value. After September the Lark upstream of Mildenhall was abandoned for barge traffic. The prospective purchasers of the Lark were Parker Brothers of Mildenhall, and they only wanted it to service their own mills at Barton Mills and Icklingham.

In November, the expanding firm of Parker Brothers reopened the Mildenhall Mill. They converted the mill to a roller mill, using steam power instead of water power. In November Colonel Sam Cody demonstrated his man-lifting kites to a crowd behind the Gibraltar Barracks at Bury St Edmunds. The contraption was called the "Viva", and consisted of four large box kites which lifted the Colonel several hundred feet into the air to great applause.

By the same gentleman was able to make a first powered flight in British Army Aeroplane Number 1 at Farnborough, which was a prelude to the use of aircraft during World War I. The story of St Edmund continued to intrigue people, and some relics were taken from St Sernin in Toulouse, to Arundel, as it was said that they were the remains of St Edmund.

It was intended to lay these relics in the Westminster Cathedral, which was in the final stages of construction. However, respected men such as M R James, Dr Charles Bigg and Sir Ernest Clarke, all refuted the idea that these could be the bones of St Edmund. Cardinal Vaughan at Westminster accepted these assertions and the bones were never removed from Arundel.

The Icklingham Papers were published in by Henry Prigg's daughter, Mrs Beatrice Andrews, who had accompanied him on some of his antiquarian excursions. The book was introduced by Vincent Redstone, and contained copies of manorial documents and wills from the village, together with an account of the archaeological investigations of some of the antiquities of Icklingham.

Prigg showed that a Roman villa and cemetery had existed on the site and he also excavated the tumuli and found pottery kilns at nearby West Stow Heath. Prigg had worked at the National Provincial Bank in Bury, until he retired four years before his death in He lived at Babwell Friary, and having died in his early 50's he did not have time to put his work in order for publication, but his daughter decided the work needed to be properly published.

Henry Prigg's daughter, Beatrice, was married to Charles Andrews, a partner in the ironmongers Andrews in Guildhall Street, which later became Andrews and Plumptons of Bury. She was also the mother of three year old Sybil Andrews who would later become an internationally known artist. In about they moved out of the rooms above the shop into Greyfriars in Whiting Street.

Many of the antiquities unearthed by Prigg over a lifetime of excavation were exhibited at first in the Athenaeum, and then were to form the core of the Moyse's Hall Museum collection when it was set up in The fifth child of Beatrice and Charles Andrews was called Henryand he would become Curator of Moyse's Hall Museum himself in W S Spanton, a local photographer at 16 Abbeygate Street, Bury St Edmunds, retired and sold the business and its negatives to Harry Isaac Jarman.

William junior was also an accomplished artist, as this self portrait, dated to aboutshows. Spanton had also painted at least one Mayoral portrait, notably for Alderman George Thompson, in Harry Jarman continued the photographic business at 16 Abbeygate Street for many years until it was taken over by his son, Oswald Jarman.

Many early Spanton negatives survive in the Spanton-Jarman collection in the Suffolk Record Office, thanks to O G Jarman. At 63 to 65 Guildhall Street, the Saracens Head inn closed down, owing to the bankruptcy of Bishop's Brewery. The Great Head, as it was often known, dated back well into the 18th century and had included the Brewery for 'Bishop's noted Bury Ales'. When put up for sale, there was no bid for the Brewery, or the Saracens Head and its first tied house, the nearby Golden Lion.

Later the empty Saracen's Head became home to the British Legion Club. When this inn and brewery shut down inother independent inns like the Coach and Horses in Honey Hill had to get their beer elsewhere.

The Coach and Horses now bought beer from Hudson's Brewery in Cambridge. The Coach was ideally located to serve the courts, and both witnesses and barristers were often to be found there. Hudson's brewery already had a presence in Bury. It owned the Red Lion in Ipswich Street, for example, first set up in the 's. It would let it to Clarke's Risbygate Street Brewery in On 2nd December Frank Riley Smith and his wife moved house from Saxham Hall to Barton Hall in Great Barton Park. Smith had taken a lease from Sir Henry Bunbury in January, and had spent a year before moving in, extending and improving the house and the stables.

Electricity was installed for lighting, and a Deer Paddock was built, along with kennels to house his hounds. The Riley Smiths would occupy Great Barton untilwhen Frank died. The Education Act of gave County Councils the status of local education authorities for the first time, greatly expanding their powers and their expenditure. The School Boards were abolished, and their schools given to the Counties.

County Councils also now had to pay the salaries, and provide new equipment for, the Voluntary Schools. Inthe West Suffolk County School was opened in Northgate Street in Bury. A large red brick house had been purchased for the purpose, and altered and improved. At this time it was for girls and boys, with separate playgrounds. Under the same Act, urban areas of a certain size were empowered to become separate Elementary Education Authorities. In Suffolk, both Bury St Edmunds and Lowestoft opted for this route.

Thus the 12 elementary schools in Bury became governed by the Borough Education Committee, while the town's secondary education was provided by the County ratepayers. Within a few years it was normal for half a county's budget to be devoted to education.

The next major Education Act would come in Ernie and his new cycle. In the Post Office introduced new regulations covering Picture Postcards. Since pictures were first allowed inone whole side of the postcard had had to be reserved for the name and address.

In the modern format was introduced where one whole side could be used for the picture. Message and address now shared the other side. In addition the standard size of a card was increased to what it is today. On the face of it, this change seems to be of little consequence to us today, but in fact this change led to a vast production of picture postcards covering a wide range of views. Individuals could commission a few pictures of themselves with family, or as this illustration shows, a new object of pride to the owner.

Many of these everyday scenes had little apparent merit at the time, perhaps, but are packed with information for modern eyes to consider. Many of the illustrations used in this Chronicle and other historical books come from photographs produced for postcards. In the Autumn excavations were started on the ruins of the abbey of St Edmund. Dr M R James had discovered a 15th century register from the abbey in the public library of the French town of Douai. It listed the burial places of 18 of the abbots, and this gave rise to the dig.

On New Year's Day,the five stone coffins were found, described by an excited Horace Barker as "the great discovery". The coffins were, at the time, located in the garden of a Mr Henry Donne.

On 27th January,the remains were reinterred under new lids paid for by Donne. The work was carried out by Hanchets the stone masons. Coffins of Five Abbots. Horace Barker, who was the curator at Moyse's Hall museum, could write to the Bury Free Press in that, "It will be within the memory of most inhabitants of Bury that in all that is left of the Chapter-house was exposed, and the skeletons of five Abbots, including the great Abbot Sampsoneach in its own stone coffin, were discovered.

Many pieces of carved, coloured and gilded stone with fragments of marble tiles and glass are preserved in Moyse's Hall Museum".

M R James in M R James was a fellow of King's College Cambridge, and had come to Great Livermere as a boy inwhen his father was appointed Rector of Great and Little Livermere.

After a brilliant academic career, he became a world authority on religious writings, seeking out and cataloguing over 6, manuscripts. It was during his investigation of manuscripts in France that he came across the references to the burials of the abbots of St Edmundsbury. He had another claim to fame as a writer of ghost stories. Despite the date on the attached medal, King Edward VII was not crowned until August The coronation was scheduled for 26th June,and all the commemorative items were given this date.

At Bury St Edmunds the Mayor, Thomas Shillitoe, decided to issue all the schoolchildren with a commemorative medal, and the June date was placed on it. Unfortunately the King was taken ill in June, and was operated on for appendicitis only a few days before the ceremony was due to take place. The coronation could not take place until August 9th His wife, Alexandra of Denmark, became Queen. Despite having received the disapproval of his mother, Queen Victoria, for his past hedonistic lifestyle, he was to be a very popular king.

Pawsey's shop Coronation, This picture shows the shopfront of Pawsey's printers premises in Hatter Street decorated for the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra on August 9th, Similar celebratory decorations were seen across the town, and, indeed, across the country. A well remembered enamel sign advertising Stevens Ink, based upon a giant thermometer, can be seen to the left of the shop window.

It survived in good condition until aboutwhen it was stolen. Similar reorganised celebrations were held in many villages in the county. At Great Barton a committee had been formed, chaired by Frank Riley Smith of Barton Hall, to raise money and organise the celebrations.

Some people were entertained at the fete and refreshed in a marquee on the lawn of Barton Hall. Presents and mementos were given out and the evening ended with fireworks. This level of entertainment was continued by the Riley Smiths for village children at every Christmas and special occasion through until Fromthe Feoffment Trust had to sell off much of its property, starting with the outlying farms.

H Rider Haggard published his book "Rural England", giving an account of much local agriculture. At Culford Estates he found that about half the total area was set aside for shooting, or about 5, acres. Southdowns and Suffolk sheep were the most profitable agriculture possible on the sandy soils. Both these and the Jersey cows were prizewinners. The estate also had a forestry enterprise. In Newmarket had its own thriving rural industry, namely horse training and racing, as it still does today.

This now required a third railway station to be built to serve that town. The first station, which was a grand building in a Baroque style, was a terminus station built in at the point where the current line enters the Warren Hill tunnel at the Cambridge end.

It was subsequently extended when the through line and the tunnel to Bury St Edmunds were built. In a second station was built at the northern end of the Warren Hill tunnel. By the vast amount of horse and horse-racing traffic on the railway meant that the original station was unable to cope and the Great Eastern Railway built a third grand station, as shown in this postcard. The sender's note on the front shows his admiration for it. Naturally, it was called New Station at the time.

The station would be closed for goods traffic in and the one at the north end of Warren Hill also closed too. At some point in the recent past this "new" station closed to passengers too, and the current and fourth station is a small affair reached by a side alley off Green Road.

The old station buildings had been converted to offices by By now the hospital had four wards and room for 84 in-patients. For the men of the Suffolk Regiment, the ending of the three years of the Boer war at the end of May,led to the Battle honour of "South Africa - ". The South African War, as it was known at the time, would be commemorated by the fine monument erected inon the Cornhill. There were to be names of the fallen, representing the whole of Suffolk, east and west.

Adolphe Goldschmidt bought Cavenham Hall, newly built only four years earlier. His son Frank later became MP for Stowmarket and district in His grandson James Goldsmith founded Cavenham Foods and later the Referendum Party.

The family sold Cavenham estate in The executors of Thomas Lucia had been running the Bury Free Press since the death of Lucia, 16 years earlier. In the newspaper was sold to Richard Winfrey, a noted newspaper owner in the eastern region. He formed the Bury St Edmunds Printing and Publishing Company to hold and manage the paper as part of his publishing empire.

This empire would evolve into Emap, the East Midlands Allied Publishing group. From to there was a Methodist Congregation at the Congregational Chapel which stands on the corner of Looms Lane and Northgate Street. The main Methodist Church was well established not far away in Brentgovel Street, but the Primitive Methodists would not join the Wesleyan Methodists until In Greene King owned and leased 70 pubs and off licenses in Bury, and in the Country trade roundabouts, all supplied from Bury.

The company also owned houses further afield which were supplied from local depots fed by railway from Bury. They had centres at Ely, Fakenham, Colchester, Haverhill and Stowmarket. The company continued to expand by acquiring new pubs, aiming at Suffolk Essex and Cambridgeshire.

Frank Riley Smith, MFH. In February the Suffolk Hunt held its Annual General Meeting in Bury, as usual. The hunting had been poor for a couple of seasons, and this was put down to the rise in the shooting fraternity, and the subsequent shooting and trapping of foxes.

In the Master, Eugene Wells of Buxhall Vale, and the Secretary, Lt Col Josselyn of Fornham Priory, had even felt obliged to resign over the issue, but had been persuaded to continue by Sir Walter Greene.

In the absence of Sir Walter, Alderman Lake took the chair and invited Frank Riley Smith of Great Barton Hall to become the new Master of Foxhounds. Today, hunting with dogs is illegal, but a century ago it was not only normal, but was a big industry, generating trade and employment on a large scale. Frank Riley Smith was typical of the industrialists who were taking over the country estates. Like Sir Walter Greene his fortune derived from brewing, not from the ownership and renting out of land, like the old aristocratic families had enjoyed.

The Bunbury's had retrenched to a smaller estate at Mildenhall, leaving Smith to invest large sums in Barton Hall and estate which he leased from them. Suffolk Foxhounds at Barton Hall. Riley Smith enjoyed shooting and riding to hounds. He hunted the fox with the Suffolk Hunt, the otter with the Essex Otter Hounds, often in the vicinity, and the deer with his pack of Staghounds.

Although otters and foxes were killed in the hunt, the deer never were. They were kept in paddocks on some large estates, and then transported to wherever the hunt was to take place. Once cornered they were carefully trapped and returned home. Curiously these deer were given individual names and were hunted for as long as ten years, being prized for their speed and cunning.

An example of the Essex Subscription Otterhounds hunting in the area took place in when they met at Tollgate Bridge on the River Lark, just outside Bury. Mr and Mrs Riley Smith attended this hunt. The area was suitable otter habitat at the time, and the hunt began by drawing towards the town. They then turned downstream and caught a large dog otter at Lackford Bridge weighing 24 pounds.

Because of his new commitment to the Suffolk Hunt, Riley Smith's staghounds were now passed on to Eugene Wells at Buxhall Vale. The deer in paddocks at Sir Walter Greene's place at Pakenham and at Great Barton were retained, but Wells could use them as he wished. In June, following three days of extremely heavy rain, the river at Haverhill overflowed and large parts of the town suffered serious flooding, particularly Queen Street and Withersfield Road.

At the Hamlet end the water reached the entrance to Atterton's foundry. The rain had begun on mid day Saturday June 13th, continued all through Sunday and on into Monday the 15th.

By leaving off time at the factory at 6pm on Monday 15th June, workers could not get home to Withersfield Road. The waters were at their peak at 9. In the 27th June issue of the South West Suffolk Echo there was an advert which said, "The Great Flood at Haverhill. June 15th Such a flood may not occur again in your lifetime.

You should therefore, secure for yourself and your friends a souvenir of the event by purchasing some of the pictorial postcards shewing Queen Street and the Meadows under water.

Big w plumpton anzac day trading hours river was becoming clogged up again. On December 12th the meadows were seriously flooded in Bury St Edmunds, causing a debate at the Bury Borough Council.

Alderman Hooper described the canoe journey necessary to cross these meadows near the railway bridge. The Martyrs' Memorial was unveiled in the Churchyard at Bury, to commemorate the 17 Protestant Martyrs who died in the town under the rule of Queen Mary, to It was erected by public subscription, and was designed and executed by A H Hanchet, Monumental Mason of Cemetery Road in Bury St Edmunds.

In Churchgate Street fire destroyed Hervey's the Grocers. It was replaced logiciel trading forex gratuit a three storey mock Tudor building, which Marlow's would occupy in During the Library of the Suffolk Institute put call parity fx option Archaeology binary options regulated by cftc removed from the Athenaeum into Moyse's Hall Museum.

It would rest there for 30 years, and then return call option embedded derivative the Athenaeum.

In it was moved into the School of Art building in the Traverse, in the next room to the Cullum Collection of Books. Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show came to Bury. Jarman's at 16 Abbeygate Street. The photographer John Palmer Clarke moved to Cambridge from Bury, and sold his collection of local negatives to Harry Jarman, who had a photography business at 16 Abbeygate Street.

Meanwhile the firm of Frederick Pawsey, at the time called Langhorne, Pawsey and Co. Pawsey was born in Bury inand took over his printer's and stationer's business at the early age of 15 years old.

Grants - Community Building Partnership

He would die inbut how to make gold skinning in wow Pawsey business lasted in Hatter Street until Pawsey would really make his mark inwhen he would publish a major photographic work on West Suffolk. Montgomery Sidecar November In November,this advertisement appeared in the magazine, "The Motor". It demonstrates that William Montgomery, trading as Montgomery and Co, at 6 Brentgovel Street, Bury St Edmunds had effectively invented the motor cycle sidecar.

At the time he called it a patent side carriage attachment. Hitherto, Montgomery had run his business as a bicycle shop, which included the supply and maintenance of that popular form of transport, having set up shop in However by the early s he concentrated more and more upon the possibilities afforded by the motor cycle.

Montgomery's entry in Wikipedia begins: Originally based in Bury St Edmunds the founder William Montgomery was an innovator and is credited with the invention of the sidecar.

In Greene King offered to give up the license, partly under pressure to reduce the numbers of licensed premises in the town, and partly from religious objections to its proximity to the church. However, this inn did not close until After it was demolished, the opportunity was taken to retain part of the yard as Tuns Lane, a narrow alleyway giving easy access to Church from Bridewell Lane. Another license was given up by Greene King in the Traverse.

This was the Exchange pub, known up to as the Three Bulls. This inn was mentioned course elite forex trading the Bury Post ofand was probably old then. It had once dominated the Traverse, but competition, particularly from the Cupola House afterled to a lingering death. Holy Trinity Church at Long Melford had suffered a lightning strike to its medieval tower aroundand the tower was subsequently demolished.

A new tower had been rebuilt by in classical style in red brick. The red bricks had been covered in cement at some time, which in many places had broken away by the s to give a scarred and ugly appearance. By the late 19th century it was considered that this tower was not appropriate for such a grand medieval wool church, and that it was sadly out of proportion to the rest of the building.

Inas part of Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee celebrations, the villagers set up a committee to raise funds and appoint an architect. It was decided to build upon the old tower, and so it was decided to chip away the cement cladding and replace it with decorative flint work with stone stringing and detailing. Also to add corner buttresses with stone facing, and the first stone was laid in The result was a neo-gothic design which matched the old style of the main church, but further appeals for funds were needed in to raise the height of the tower.

On 14th October, the "new" tower of feet was dedicated by the Bishop of Ely. The pinnacles of the old tower were removed, and now reside at Melford Hallwhile the new, grander pinnacles were named Victoria, Edward, Alexandra and Martyn, in honour of the late Queen and the new royal family.

Unveiling the Soldiers Memorial. The Boer War monument was erected on the Cornhill and unveiled on November 11th by General Lord Methuen.

At the time, it was referred to as the Soldier's Memorial. This was a great military occasion, and the Suffolk Regiment fired three volleys. The Volunteers, the Loyal Suffolk Hussars, and the Grammar School Cadet Corps "kept the Square" with the Broker de forex en chile, and the rest of the Cornhill was packed with local people.

This event followed the opening of two Regimental Memorial Homes in April opposite the barracks in Out Risbygate. The following month King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra visited Bury. They had planned to stay at Earl Cadogan's Culford Hall for five days in December, visiting the great local families and shooting over the estates at Ickworth, Elveden and Hardwick.

They were accompanied by Arthur Balfour, the Prime Minister.

During one shooting party Balfour decided to have a day's golf at Flempton. His host was Frank Riley Smith of Barton Hall, who had just been elected Club Captain for He remained Captain of Flempton Golf Club until Riley Smith also favoured the Royal Worlington Golf club, becoming Captain there in When the Mayor of Bury St Edmunds heard of the Royal Visit to the area, he immediately invited the King to also visit the town.

So Bury was visited on their last day, Saturday 17th December, and the King and Queen received an official address from the Mayor, Alderman E W Lake, outside the Abbey Gate. They arrived with a mounted military escort in Earl Cadogan's four horse barouche, an open carriage.

The Angel Hill was fitted out with grandstands for 1, people, soldiers from the barracks lined the route, and Harry Jarman, well known local photographer, recorded the scene. The party drove through the churchyard to St Mary's church to see the tomb of Mary Tudor. On leaving the church the royal procession drove along Crown Street, up Abbeygate Street into the Buttermarket and Call put option payoff graph, and down St Johns Street and Long Brackland to the Railway Station.

From here they took a special train back to London. This was the first visit of a reigning monarch since the visit by Charles II in The Bury and Norwich Post produced a souvenir edition on 20th December. The West Suffolk County Council purchased the Shire Hall from the Guildhall Feoffees.

The Assizes were held here three time every two years. There were two courts, the Crown Court and the Nisi Prius Court. It would soon become called the Old Shirehall, as work began on a new premises in Montgomery Silencer May In May ofWilliam Montgomery was advertising a new motor cycle silencer design which he had patented.

Montgomery and Co had their shop and workshops at 6 Brentgovel Street, Bury St Edmunds. The advertisement in "The Motor" also featured his patented design for the motor cycle sidecar, which he had already been actively marketing. His shop had opened in to sell and service bicycles, but within a decade Montgomery had turned his attention to motor cycles. In a new 1: By the time of the OS map, there was an avenue shown across Shirehouse Heath labelled Northgate Avenue, and the road we now call by that name was labelled Norfolk Road.

Similarly Avenue Approach was shown as extending across to the Klondyke, in front of Northgate Farm. In and the West Stow sewage Farm underwent extensive additional improvements. This works served the town of Bury St Edmunds. Only the pump house still survives in the corner of West Stow Country Park in At the Congregational Church in Whiting Street a memorial was unveiled to Elias Thacker and John Copping, who were hanged in for their religious beliefs, "for disseminating the principles of independency".

Suffolk Show, Bury In the Suffolk Show was held at Bury St Edmunds. This advertisement by Smyth's of Peasenhall, was for their world famous range of seed drills, developed early in the 19th century, and still doing well in The firm lasted until In M R James published the "Ghost Stories of an Antiquarian". He grew up in Livermere and regarded it as his home, although he lived in as a Fellow at King's College Cambridge.

Livermere Hall and its mere were the settings for some of his ghostly tales. In October offollowing a fundraising year, the Great Barton Institute was opened by the Reverend Hodges, Archdeacon of Sudbury diocese.

The site was given by Sir Henry Bunbury, and the foundation stone laid by Lady Bunbury. As Master of Foxhounds for the Suffolk Hunt, Frank Riley Smith also had new kennels, staff housing and stables built for the Hunt at Barton Citibank international atm rates in Bury St Edmunds.

The site later became taken over by the Electricity Board. Allan Minns Mayor of Thetford Until quite recently John Archer, elected Mayor of Battersea inwas thought to be the first black man to hold the position of Mayor in England. Incentive stock option plan tax and Norfolk Racial Equality Council NNREC and Norfolk Record Office have been researching the life of Dr.

Minnsfollowing initial research undertaken by Sean Creighton, a historian based in South London. T Pikeheld in the Suffolk Record Office at Bury St Edmunds: Medical Officer Thetford Cottage Hospital. Under the Licensing Act of regulations had been brought in to restrict new premises, and the Compensation Act of now allowed councils to close "undesirable" premises and those sites which were required for redevelopment.

The council had to compensate the owners or tenants for depriving them of a living, from a fund raised by a levy on brewers. Over the next two years the local licensing committee would hold a survey of the town's licensed premises with a view to considering some for closure. Companies like Greene King now considered disposing of cancellation of stock options ifrs profitable premises in order how much money do soundclick producers make keep the better ones.

Between andGreene Calculate weekdays between 2 dates oracle gave up around 36 licenses across East Anglia. On the other hand, Greene King had found the sales of their bottled beers, begun into have been biggie lyrics get money remix successful.

So in they built a new Bottling Store. Horsetrough seen in In Lady Malcolm presented Haverhill with one of its features which had been thought lost for ever. This was the water trough which stood for years on the How to calculate stock index volatility Junction, until foreign forex brokers in india was removed for road junction improvements in the 's.

In it was bollinger bands r to Haverhill. A large part of Atterton's works at Hamlet Green in Haverhill were destroyed by fire during The bells of St Mary's church at Haverhill were recast or restored, and a new bell added to bring it up to a minor ring of six. One of the re-cast bells had pre-dated the Great Haverhill fire of Mill at Bradfield St George Like the horse, even wind power had been slowly replaced since the late 19th century.

Milling on a much larger scale was made easier by the introduction of steam power, and by internal combustion engines. The Great War would finish off many of these notable landmarks, but their demise was already in sight. This view of the Mill at Bradfield St George is by H C Cobbold, and can now be seen in the Museum of East Anglian Life. In February Frank Riley Smith of Barton Hall, and MFH of the Suffolk Hunt, hosted a function at the Athenaeum for the landowners, tenant farmers and gamekeepers of the farms over which the Hunt ran.

Riley Smith aimed to enlist these people in supporting the Hunt, and to reduce persecution of the fox by the shooting interests. The Hunt even kept a Poultry Fund which was used to compensate farmers for losses of poultry caused by foxes being nurtured for hunting. His leadership and generosity kept harmony amongst these conflicting interests until his early death in Typical of the Riley Smith generosity was the donations he made interactive brokers option cost the YMCA in Bury St Edmunds, which allowed them to acquire premises in Churchgate Street in Women often led the way on issues in factories like Gurteens at Haverhill.

A number of women workers walked out for a week at the end of February to get an extra 6d per dozen garments. This was on a government contract just won for making khaki uniforms. An extraordinary incident happened on the Bury St Edmunds Borough Council during and Edward Lake had been elected Mayor in Novemberand very unusually, was re-elected in and He had a long experience on the Council as determinants of foreign exchange rates in kenya as being the Managing Director of Greene King's Brewery in the town.

He had already made his mark by bringing forward many modern reforms to the council, both in works, like the Sewage Farm at West Stow, and the Electricity undertaking in Kings Road, and in financial and management procedures.

In the Council wished to appoint a full time Town Clerk in the Town Hall to manage the Council. The existing Town Clerk, Charles Salmon, worked part time from a local solicitor's office, and was also Clerk to the Urban District Council, and held other posts, as well.

He refused to relinquish his office voluntarily, and announced that he would stand as a Councillor for the Abbeygate Ward. From his post he could attack any new Town Clerk's authority. Edward Lake retaliated by resigning his post as Alderman, and his Mayoral position, and contested the Abbeygate Ward election against Salmon. Lake was returned with a large majority. The Education Authority arranged for the Feoffment's Commercial School to be closed, and its premises were amalgamated with the adjacent Poor Boys School.

In about the Andrews family suffered a setback. Charles Andrews was a junior partner in Andrews store, later to become Andrews and Plumptons.

Charles had become ill and the family had to move from Greyfriars on Whiting Street, to a smaller home at Northgate Street. By now there were five children and although they still lived a comfortable middle class life with servants, it meant that Sybil Andrews, the third child, grew up to be more self reliant big w plumpton anzac day trading hours independent than might otherwise have been the case. Having previously been makers of sidecars, the Montgomery company of 6 Brentgovel Street in Bury St Edmunds produced their own motorcycle and sidecar combination in It had a 5hp V-twin engine and a wicker-work sidecar body that could be detached in two minutes according to their advertising.

Connection to the machine was flexible on some what are swaps in forex trading, thus allowing them to bank for corners. One advertisement showed a sidecar fitted to each side of a motorcycle.

The advertisement shown here was included within the Borough Guide Book for For the next few years they concentrated on their sidecars and sold motor cycles to suit them. In these early days of the motor bike it was normal for local builders to buy in engines and other parts and perhaps build upon their own frames and forks. Machines could in this way be built to a customer's own requirements. By Montgomery would find that he was running out of workshop space in the cramped location in Brentgovel Street, and would be forced to consider a move.

The village of Glemsford had been given an Urban District Council under the Act ofand with a population of 2, in the census, was one of the smallest UDCs in the country. Nevertheless it had the power to provide water and sewerage forex options optionfair brokers review its area, and in it set up a waterworks and a water tower to supply water to its inhabitants.

Glemsford water tower was 45 feet high and the tank added another 15 feet. This tower was a prominent local landmark until it was demolished in While the 30, gallon capacity tower was at Tower Meadow, on Hunt's Hill, at a high point of the village, water was pumped up from a borehole situated feet below, in the valley at the foot of Skates Hill. This borehole was itself reported in the press in October,to be feet deep, so a powerful pump was needed to raise the water to the tower.

The pump and its engine were described as "an 11 hp oil engine and a 6" x3" three throw ram pump by Campbell Gas Engine Co of Halifax". Although this installation was a significant feat for such a small council, it had its problems.

There were 24 fire hydrants placed at various parts of the village. If the village suffered a fire the Surveyor had to be informed so that the pump could be started up to ensure an adequate supply of water for the firefighters. In addition the flavour of the water was disliked, and some people preferred to still take water from the brook. This flavour was variously attributed to the use of aluminium paint to prevent rusting of the water tank, or to the use of iron pipes.

Glemsford would lose its UDC status in when it would be absorbed into Melford RDC. Part of the decline of Glemsford began when the old established horsehair and cocoanut matting firm of H Kolle and Sons went bankrupt and the firm closed its doors during First established at Glemsford inas recently as it had been employing men and women.

In Bury, there were big celebrations from April 3rd to the 6th, to mark the th anniversary of the town's charter. A special medal was struck which had the town arms on one side and the relevant dates on the other. The charter of was read out on the steps of the Angel Hotel, and a large crowd gathered for the celebrations. In the General Election ofthe Conservative Captain Frederick Hervey of Ickworth Lodge was returned for Bury St Edmunds as expected.

He was the nephew of the 3rd Marquess of Bristol, serving for a year before becoming the 4th Marquess. However the election result was unusually close for Bury. Hervey got 1, votes, and his Liberal opponent, Mr B Yates, got 1, votes.

By modern standards, this is a low number of votes, but only men could vote at this time. Nationally there was a Liberal landslide and the rural areas south of Bury elected a Liberal. In the Labour party runescape best way to make money for pures formed in Britain, to represent the working man. But there was by now a movement to extend the vote to women as well.

During the laying of the concrete pavement in Fornham Road, one of the two slanting buttresses of St Saviour's Hospital was destroyed. Nearby are the Mermaid's Pits, described in as having springs of clear water. During Edward J Burrow of Cheltenham was producing Number 37 of his series of Borough Guides, called "A Guide to Bury St Edmunds".

It contained a potted history of call put option payoff graph borough, together with a description of its churches, public buildings and local seats of the gentry.

To the local historian its major importance is the attention paid to the advertisers within it. Burrow offered them as many pages they cared to take, and if they wanted photographs included, then Burrow would have them taken if none already existed.

Thus there are many shops and businesses with a photographic record which might otherwise have passed unnoticed.

Boby's engineering works had eight pages devoted to it, with the title, "A Notable Bury St Edmunds Manufactory". The article included one illustration and three full page photographs especially taken by the firm of Burrow.

The Angel Hotel featured in four pages, as did Thurlow Champness. In fact the most notable feature of this guide is the profusion of photographs which were included. You can examine this guidebook by clicking here: The Borough Guide A later pre ipo company stock options of this guide, or a reprint, has the name of the booksellers F T Groom and Son of 17 Abbeygate Street, in Bury St Edmunds, on the front cover.

In Northgate Avenue the East Anglian School was given a oklahoma right to withhold cash shortages from employees earnings new wing.

Work began on alterations and additions to the Shirehall in Bury. The old Shire Hall had been built with a churchyard frontage in the form of a Greek Temple in and However, the site had been used for the administration of justice sincewhen Thomas Badby donated the old monastic grammar school site to the Guildhall Feoffees for a Shire House. There had been many improvements and additions to the court premises over the years.

The Theatre in Westgate Street was re-opened following extensive renovations. It was described as handsome and luxurious and the wooden forms were replaced by crimson plush covered chairs "in line with modern requirements". It was recorded in Burrow's Guide to Bury St Edmunds that the engineering works of Robert Boby in St Andrews Street was employing men at this time. The distinctive Virginia Creeper on the front of the Angel Hotel is said to date from a planting in At Stanton on Smart ideas for the stock market game 5th, the tower of All Saints Church collapsed.

One church bell was kept in action by hanging it in a tree. A new belfry was built in The Ship had been a beerhouse in Eastgate Street, Bury St Edmunds, since opening in It closed inand today it is Unwin's Wine store.

According to Gerry Nixon's, "Old inns and beerhouses of BSE", in one Robert Miller was the tenant and his license was not renewed because of his intemperate habits. The owners were given 14 days to replace him. Mr Miller still has descendants living in the area today.

Stone plaques of notable persons exist on several of our town centre buildings. They were first considered inas shown by this newspaper item: To enable the matter to be more fully considered and an estimate made as to the cost of fixing the necessary tablets, I shall be pleased to receive any information as to any house in the Borough which has been so occupied, together with such particulars to give in relation there to.

It was sent to London by rail, and twin shares royal dutch shell is reported that it filled 37 of Harrod's pantechnicons and the procession of vans through the London streets was more than a mile in length.

It was manufactured in Glemsford in Suffolk, and the London "Express" called it a triumph of British manufacture. Because of foreign competition coconut matting production would decline in Suffolk stock options startup percentage the s.

For two years, Archdeacon Hodges, the Vicar of St James's, had been planning a great pageant to celebrate the historical past of Bury St Edmunds. An American called Louis Napoleon Parker was hired to be the Master of the Pageant, a job he had experience of elsewhere in the country already. The aim was to explore seven historical incidents from Roman times down to the visit of Queen Elizabeth in Thus in July the town held its Grand Pageant of St Edmund to commemorate the historical past of Bury St Edmunds.

It was performed in the Abbey Gardens, and involved two thousand local people as actors, organisers, costume makers or stage hands. St Edmund was played by Dr Stork, and in a family like the Andrews of Andrews and Plumptons, the whole household were involved, including all the servants, and even 9 year old Sybil Andrews took part.

Nor were the surrounding villages and estates excluded from the undertaking. The Suffolk Hunt supplied many of the horses needed, as well as knights in armour to ride them. Frank Riley Smith of Barton Hall took the role of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, and his wife was involved in designing and producing many of the costumes.

By now Rose Mead was well established as the best artist in Bury, having exhibited several times at the Royal Academy. As the whole town was involved in the Pageant it was no hotforex webtrader login that Rose became jforex forum Chief Costume Designer.

A set of twelve watercolours were especially painted by Rose Mead for sale as postcards and a commemorative souvenir programme was specially designed for the occasion and published by the Connoisseur Magazine.

Not only did F G Pawsey and Co publish Rose Mead's twelve colour postcards, but they also printed an astonishing set of 50 postcards from photographs taken of the Pageant by George Cousins. George Sebastian Cousins was the official photographer of the Pageant, with premises at 30 Buttermarket, Bury St Edmunds.

Cousins actually published some of his pictures as postcards himself, but others also tried to join in the fun. Two other publishers of postcards, Fred Watson and J. Gill, produced cards depicting individuals and groups posing in their costumes.

A commemorative medallion was thought to be a desirable addition to the festivities for the occasion. These medallions were sold by the Bury jeweller Thurlow Champness who, appropriately, played the Goldsmith in the pageant and advertised in the local papers. The advertisements show that the medallions were made in two different sizes in gold, silver, silver gilt and bronze. The central design on both sides is copied from a St Edmund memorial penny now in Moyse's Hall, which was given to the Borough of Bury St Edmunds by Mr John Hargreaves of Liverpool at the time of the pageant.

The large A in the centre of the obverse probably stands for 'Anglia'. Otbert, named on the reverse, was the moneyer responsible for striking the coins. The location of the mint is not known.

The Suffolk Regiment provided the band, and a covered grandstand held 4, paying customers. There were six 3 hour performances covering July 8th, 9th and 10th.

A film was made of the pageant and it was first shown in the Lecture Hall at the Athenaeum. The cinema was now coming to Bury. A more scholarly tribute to Bury's past occurred in when Lord Francis Hervey published his "Corolla Sancti Eadmundi The Garland of Saint Edmund King and Martyr. This was an extremely comprehensive gathering of forex market forecast today, which included the following: The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Asser's Life of King Alfred Abbo of Fleury - The Passion of St Edmund Translation of Abbo into OE by Aelfric Archdeacon Herman's Book of the Miracles of St Edmund Seasonal stock market swings of Malmesbury's Acts of Kings Geoffrey of Wells Roger of Wendover John Lydgate And many lesser known authors He included a number of Charters relevant to the saint, church dedications, coinage details, and a glossary.

This collection brought together all the relevant documents needed by the historian or churchman wanting details about the saint. During it became necessary to hold a by-election, when the Bury MP, Frederick W F Hervey, became the Marquis of Bristol. The new Conservative candidate was W E Guinness, of the brewing family. As the Liberal government had refused to make any concessions to the Women's Suffrage Movement, the Suffragettes retaliated by opposing all Liberal candidates en bloc.

Thus did Sylvia Pankhurst come to Bury to support Guinness, although she herself professed to support the Labour Party. The Conservative majority was doubled, and Guinness got his seat. Walter Guinness had Suffolk connections which became closer when he acquired the Manor House on Honey Hill in Bury St Edmunds, together with other local property, after his election.

Walter Guinness was born in Dublin, Ireland, the third son of the 1st Earl of Iveagh. His family homes were at Farmleigh near Dublin, and at Elveden in Suffolk. He would remain Bury's MP untiland earned the DSO inthe time from which this portrait dates. He was created Baron Moyne of Bury St Edmunds in January Pawsey's had been publishing postcards in Online forex trading system that works since In NovemberF G Pawsey and Company, Limited, of 25 and 26 Hatter Street, Bury St Edmund's, printed and published their large book entitled "West Suffolk Illustrated".

It came out as a part work, and when you had collected all the parts, you could take it back to Mr Pawsey to be bound into a large book. It consisted of a text entry for every town and village in West Suffolk, together with at least one photograph of each place.

Many of these photographs were also used for postcards of the area. It was compiled by Horace Barker, the curator of Moyse's Hall Museum, and its emphasis was on the history of the place, rather than its present condition.

Barker reported in this book that barrick gold stock buy Pageant proved a tremendous success, both artistically and financially.

Another result of this local pride was a movement are binary options regulated trading signals franco review have commemorative plaques put on buildings associated with famous people, formally launched by the Town Clerk in These included Daniel Defoe, said to have retired to Bury inSir Thomas Hanmer, Sir G Pretyman Tomline, Bishop of WinchesterThomas Clarkson, and Charles Blomfield.

Eventually there were eleven of these oval plaques installed. A twelfth plaque was rectangular, and was fixed to the ruins of St Saviours Hospital to commemorate Duke Humphrey.

This particular plaque was commissioned and financed by Gery Milner - Gibson - Cullum, of Hardwick House. You can view these plaques and their locations by clicking here: Plaques of Notable People. Barker also reported in this book that the streets and public buildings of Bury were now lighted by electricity from the council's own electricity works. He reported that the water was excellent, the water works having recently been much enlarged with an additional storage reservoir of 50, gallons built at land near the West Road.

In addition there was a high level tank of 70, gallons capacity. A wind motor had been erected for pumping. However, he wrote that the the depression in agriculture had impaired the town's former prosperity.

But it still had considerable corn and cattle markets. There were several large maltings, including Gough's, Girardot's, and Boby's as well as Greene King's own for its brewery. The St Andrews Ironworks turned out numbers of well-known machines, including Robert Boby's haymakers and his patent self-cleaning corn screening and dressing machines.

Another iron foundry was that of Cornish and LLoyd, located in Risbygate Street. The Bury Free Press newspaper appeared every Friday, as it still does today. The Bury and Norwich Post was every Tuesday, but changed to Friday's later in the year. In the great churchyard at the foot of Honey Hill, the New Shire Hall was completed.

The Shire Hall was built in an Edwardian classical style designed by A A Hunt of Bury. William Spanton's comment on this new building was as follows: The present building is a piece of commercialism entirely out of keeping with its surroundings.

The County School in Northgate Street received an extension. The West Suffolk County School and Pupil Teacher's Centre, as it was called, seems to have received its fine new frontage and hall at this time. The original school buildings adjacent had been converted from a large private house. Because of the special fired bricks used, the frontage and its name are still as sharply defined in as they were when installed a century earlier.

Today these buildings are used as offices. Looms lane junction c Sybil Andrews recalled in her later years that at this time Looms Lane was narrow, with high walls on either side.

On market days it was not unusual to meet a herd of cows being driven from market along Looms Lane, leaving pedestrians little room to avoid them. She would paint Looms Lane in The photograph here shows how narrow Looms Lane was at its junction with Northgate Street. The houses visible here in Northgate Street, flanking either side of Looms lane, have since been demolished in the call divert in galaxy s duos for road widening purposes.

Henshalls, the ironmongers, took over Jaggard's shop on the Cornhill, and were well known until closure in People still lived in fear of the workhouse as they entered old age. In practice the Thingoe Union Workhouse in Mill Road had been accepting paupers from the Borough of Bury St Edmunds Guardians since around But not until 11th Novemberdid Bury St Edmunds formally join the Thingoe Union.

The new union was itself now renamed the Bury St Edmunds Union. The Mill Road workhouse was known to the poor as "The Spike. It was felt that there were too many poorly run licensed premises, and that removing the worst of them would be a good thing. Nine inns would be listed for possible closure, and this would make it very difficult for these businesses to be sold or continue in the long run. However, many others escaped being on the list, like the Three Profit loss calculation forex in Southgate Street.

Despite being in a state of disrepair, and without accomodation for lodgers or stabling for horses, the Three Crowns would last another 25 years. The survey had already caused the closure of the Fountain Inn in Whiting Street, which stood nearly opposite the Masons Arms at number 88 Whiting street. This sewing jobs from home leicester was started in as the Heart in Hand, and got its license partly because it could stable 25 horses.

In the 's it became the Fountain, and it was closed in on the grounds that the street was already well served for drinking. The Golden Lion was one of the many inns which closed down in the early years of this century. It stood at 57 Guildhall Street, between today's British Legion club and Westgate Street.

Like the Saracens Head it had moshi monsters money maker mac housed a sizeable brewery, reaching back to St Andrews Street. In the late 19th century, J A Simmonds had proudly advertised his Golden Lion brewery in the Wilkin's Almanac as to the "gratifying reports from Ina Dr William Allen Sturge came to live at Icklingham.

InWilliam Sturge was born of Quaker parents in Forex tester 2 crack download, where his father, William Sturge, was a wealthy surveyor. He received his medical degree from University College, How to make money brokering tickets, inbut studies were interrupted by diptheria, followed by rheumatic fever.

In he went to Paris to study with Jean Martin Charcot. It was in Paris that he met his wife, Emily Bovell, who was also a physician. Emily Bovell was one of the original half dozen women who gained admission to the Medical School of Edinburgh University, only to be physically ejected by the male students and faculty.

They married in September and returned to London to set up a practice together in Wimpole Street. He was appointed physician and pathologist to the Royal Free Hospital, and a lecturer to the Women's Medical School. In his wife became ill and Sturge decided to move to Nice, where he lived for the next 27 years during the autumn, winter and spring. He gradually became very well known and socially prominent as a physician on the Riviera and looked after Queen Victoria and her family during her four visits to Cimez.

Emily Bovell died in her early 40's in The following year William married Julia Sherriff, who was his nurse in Nice. Julia was the daughter of a wealthy iron master in the North of England.

Because of the summer heat in Nice, the couple used to take their holidays at this time of the year. Sturge was very fond of travelling. It was during his travels that he became greatly interested in archaeology and began to collect Greek vases and Palaeolithic and Neolithic flint implements. He had rheumatic fever in which recurred in and in he decided to give up practice and return to England.

During his holidays he studied early Greek art and was a collector of Etruscan vases, devoting most of his leisure time to the study of archaeology. He settled at Icklingham Hall in Suffolk, almost opposite St James' Church, at the Mildenhall end of the village.

He collected many of his flint objects from the fields around Icklingham, but also collected abroad, and bought other private collections. Over the next dozen years he would establish at Icklingham one of the finest private museums of flint implements in the world, all carefully classified and catalogued. His collection eventually grew to include more thanpieces.

Sturge was one of the founders and first president of the Society of Prehistoric Archaeology of East Anglia, inaugurated inwith Norfolk-born journalist and keen prehistorian W.

Grahame Clarke as Secretary. This society soon attracted a national membership, but it was not until that the local name was dropped to become the Prehistoric Society which still thrives in In the winter of Sturge would fall ill of influenza followed by nephritis and subsequently die during March In the village of Glemsford was relieved to hear that the firm of Arnold and Gould had opened its doors in the town to prepare horse hair for further processing elsewhere.

Glemsford had a large labour force skilled in working with horse hair, and hundreds had been thrown out of work in when H Kolle and Sons had gone bankrupt and closed down. However, Arnold and Gould set up employing only people. One or two other short lived horse hair companies would attempt to set up at Glemsford, but all would have faded away bywhen only Arnold and Gould would survive. They were still operating in Their work included washing, disinfecting, heckling and drying the horsehair, processing up to tons a year.

Walton and Frank Burrell on ice. This picture was taken on January 13th,and shows Walton R Burrell on the left and his brother, Frank Burrell, skating on the frozen floods at Fornham St Martin.

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The man in the middle was the new carpenter at Hall Farm, who was in the Seaforth Highlanders, and is displaying his five medals. Hall Farm was the Burrell family farm, and although the field was frozen, it was not available for use by the villagers unless specifically invited by a member of the family.

First pension day at Wickhambrook. The Liberal Party had won a landslide victory in the general election, and embarked on a series of welfare reforms. In the Liberal government under Prime Minister Asquith introduced the Old Age Pension for those aged over Old folk were paid 5s a week the average wage of a labourer being around 30s. Amounts were intentionally low to encourage workers to make their own provisions for the future. The means test and a test of good character was to be administered by local committees.

Nevertheless there were many who had never claimed poor relief who were in fact eligible. Most were now willing to claim the pension which avoided the stigma of being seen as "on the parish". In the Homeland Association for the encouragement of touring in Great Britain, began a series of handbooks or guides to various towns and localities in Great Britain.

Bury St Edmunds was number 56 in the series, and the first edition came out in to support the pageant. A second edition was required by It was written by a Mr Dutt of Lowestoft, but was adopted as the official guidebook by the Town Council. The guide begins with the usual historical background to the town and its Abbey. The guide announced that the Theatre Royal is now open, having been reconstructed, reseated and redecorated by Mr Eade Montefiore, to make "the prettiest theatre in East Anglia".

Montefiore also ran a Stage School on the Angel Hill, and owned a collection of theatrical engravings. The new town guide also contained a street map of Bury, showing the main features of the town.

There have been changes of street names over the years, one being St Botolph's Lane, which is here shown as Madam White's Lane. Kings road is still called Cemetery Road at this time, and the Council Water works and Electricity Generating Station are marked on its northern side.

Barn Lane, off Eastgate Street is the site of a large Tannery, and nearby is the Eastgate Railway Station. The Gas works has had to expand to include a Third Gas Holder in Tayfen Road, but across Ipswich Street from the original site. There is large maltings in Etna Road, and the Station Hill is a large coal depot, fed by branch railway lines.

The northern end of Cotton Lane is called Taylor's lane. There is a swimming bath behind the Theatre royal. The Plague Stone is marked accurately at the foot of Chalk Lane as "Remains of Cross.

Snow on April 24th. There was a heavy fall of snow on Easter Monday, April 20th, and the weather remained unseasonably cold. Snow in April is not unusual, but in late April it is most uncommon. This postcard shows the unusual feature of snow and slush on April 24th The picture was taken at Fornham St Martin, and printed as a postcard.

There is no publisher's name on the postcard, and it may well have been an amateur production by Walton Burrell, who lived at Hall Farm in Fornham. Next day, on April 25th, a blizzard raged across southern England. Oxford recorded 18 inches, its heaviest snowfall for the whole of the 20th century. Across the south greenhouses collapsed under the weight of snow and telegraph poles keeled over.

In the Territorial Force was formed under Lord Haldane's Territorial scheme. It was the forerunner of today's Territorial Army. It was set up on County lines and the 4th Battalion The Suffolk Regiment T. The 5th Battalion was formed from the old 2nd Volunteer Battalion of local men. These Battalions were part of the Norfolk and Suffolk Infantry Brigade, itself part of the East Anglian Division.

The Suffolk Yeomanry, a volunteer cavalry force, was also merged into the Territorial Army. Town Hall fire damage Bury's Town Hall, today called the Market Cross once again, was gutted by fire.

It was soon rebuilt. The Guildhall Feoffment Trust began to build College Square as Almshouses for rent to elderly people. They were opened in to replace several other old premises. These included four almshouses endowed by John Frenze in which stood in Out Risbygate and several endowed by Bartholomew Brooksby inwhich once stood adjacent to St Mary's church. In Brooksby's almshouses had already been demolished and replaced in Westgate Street.

Eight others in Southgate Street endowed in by John Ashwell were also replaced by the College Square development. Mr Charters of Horringer Manor volunteered to provide the balconies at the Hospital in Bury which gave it its distinctive look for many years. These were needed so that patients with Tuberculosis, or TB as it was called, could get constant fresh air.

Before penicillin was invented, fresh air was thought to be the only available "cure" for TB. St Peter's Church can be seen in Hospital Road in the background, and is the main part of this picture which survives into A portrait of Archdeacon Hodges, one of the prime movers of the pageant, was commissioned from Rose Mead.

By the s Archdeacon Hodges was largely forgotten, and the painting was found in the roofspace of the Borough Offices, somewhat the worse for wear. Luckily the painting was recognised as Rose Mead's reputation grew, and it was rescued and restored. For some years it hung in pride of place at Angel Corner.

In it was moved into the Council Chamber at the Borough Offices, but in these premises were sold, and the Archdeacon went into storage once again.

These days the artist is better known than the sitter, and Rose Mead's paintings are collected irrespective of their subject matter. She painted the archdeacon life size and the frame needed was ten feet tall. It was her most ambitious picture to date.

She was better known as Ouida, the romantic novelist, and was born in in Union Terrace, Hospital Road. Although Bury born she quickly moved away, and had little affection for the town, but was a great dog lover. After her death in readers of the Daily Mirror subscribed for a memorial drinking fountain which was installed in Out Westgate, at the foot of Vinery Road. Originally it was in the road, but has now been moved out of the traffic, under trees at the roadside.

A memorial plaque was also placed on the house in Hospital Road where she was born. The Manor House in Honey Hill was bought by Walter Guinness, later the 1st Baron Moyne. He owned the house untiland was later to be murdered in Cairo inwhere he was a British Government representative. In Junethe Great Eastern Railway Company tried to start a motor bus service to Stanton, and to Horringer, to help people in the outer villages to use the railway station, and to visit town.

The service only lasted for 9 months. This picture is from the official opening on June 30th,outside the Angel Hotel in Bury. Various pictures of these buses exist from stops along the route, as they were a novelty at the time.

This bold attempt at "integrated transport", as we might call it today, failed to pay its way. The Colne Valley locomotive repair sheds were moved from Haverhill South Station yard to Halstead, taking the jobs with them. In Southgate Street the Southgate Brewery closed. This was, in fact, a beerhouse which prior to had called itself the Jolly Toper.

As Braddock's Southgate Brewery had closed down inperhaps this brand name was seen as available. In any case the Jolly Toper had possessed its own brewery since at leastand may still have been brewing in This pub is now a home, number 13 Southgate Street, and Toper Lane survived for many years as a path from the yard to Raingate Street.

Outside the Admirals Head During the 19th century Long Brackland usually had three or four beerhouses open at any one time.

These also changed their names as new landlords arrived. The Admiral's Head was a public house that stood in Long Brackland at the corner of St Martins Street. It was closed down inand demolished in later years.

This photograph comes from Mrs Turner who is the small girl on her father's cart. Greene King now began to use motor transport to deliver their bottled beers.

In November it hired two Foden steam lorries, and it became possible to make two deliveries a day around Bury. Foden continued to make steam lorries up to the Second World War. Edward Lake now dispensed with two horses and a man at Bury, and a horse at Colchester.

Deliveries could now be made to places like Haverhill much easier, as there was no direct rail link there. This was the start of long slow replacement of horse drawn transport, which still remained the main delivery mechanism. The Bury printer F G Pawsey had done so well with his book on West Suffolk, that in he published "East Suffolk Illustrated" along the same lines. The manufacture of horsehair products had been flourishing in Lavenham and Glemsford since the s.

In the Sheffield firm of Oddy's Ltd built their three storey horsehair weaving factory on the Brent Eleigh Road at Lavenham.

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Today this factory can still be seen but has been converted into flats. Oddy's gave work to 40 women under a foreman, who would weave horsehair on looms especially made for the purpose. They were paid upon completion of a 52 yard of woven seating, and every inch required hairs to be woven together.

Eastgate Station closes In Bury St Edmunds, the Eastgate Street Station was closed down in It had only ever served passengers for Sudbury and Long Melford since its opening ingiving Bury two railway stations and two stationmasters.

Its closure was a cost saving measure. Passengers for this line would now use the Northgate Station instead. In Spring Major St John St George Orde sold Fornham House, and left the small estate at Fornham St Martin, which had been the family home since the 18th century.

Fornham St Martin Village Hall had been built in in memory of Sir Harry Orde, and in the only son of Captain Orde had been lost in the Southwold Lifeboat disaster. The family name remains on Orde Lodge at Fornham St Martin, dated In Frank Riley Smith had stepped down as Master of the Suffolk Hunt, to be replaced by Guy Everard.

After a two year break he returned as joint MFH with Wilfred Bevan of Plashwood in With the decline of the horse and carriage and the rise of the motor car, Riley Smith suggested that the Hunt would become more essential as a consumer of local hay and oats.

In addition, large numbers were employed directly and indirectly in hunting. They had found foxes, killed 50, and run 19 to ground. This was considered an exceptionally good number. Local riders now decided to start a Polo Club in West suffolk. Frank Riley Smith was elected Club President, and a ground was laid out at Beyton Grange alongside the Stowmarket Road.

In the first season there were 23 playing members and 40 social members. Two picture houses opened in Bury St Edmunds to show the new silent films of the period.

Charles Thurston opened Thurston's Grand Picture Palace in St Johns Street. Also in the same street, Ronald Bates opened the Electric Theatre. Both seem to have changed their names within a couple of years. The Electric Theatre became the Gem Electric Theatre, and Thurstons would become called the Rink Picture Palace.

West Stow hall had been near to collapse when its owner, Lord Cadogan of Culford Hall, commissioned William Weir to restore it. The work was complete by Early inEdward Lake was made an Honorary Freeman of the Borough of Bury St Edmunds.

This honour was not for being Managing Director of Greene King's Brewery, which he was, but for an outstanding career in local government in Bury. He had been Mayor for six years, the Council's Chairman of Finance Committee and its Education Committee. He had led the modernisation of Council procedures, council accounting, sewage disposal and electricity undertakings, and was involved with the Hospital and with local Charities.

The Bury Free Press of 15th Januarysaid of him, "Our present municipal position is largely what he has made it. Spittle Houses and plague stone. At this time the plague stone was in Risbygate Street, but was in front of a row of 4 almshouses at the foot of Chalk Road, as shown on this Pawsey's postcard of The plaque on the wall behind the plague stone reads as follows: The date is seen to the left bottom and something over at the bottom right.

Plaque at College Square. The proceeds from the sale of the John Frenze almshouses went to the Guildhall Feoffment Trust, and the money was used to help build twenty new almshouses in College Lane, now known as College Square. Perhaps because of the diverse sources of funds for this new venture, the square was treated as three separate blocks with separate oversight.

In the Council Yearbook forthese were described as: Six Almshouses College Lane, West Block Inspection Committee Messrs H W Lake and A R Christopherson; Six Almshouses College Lane, East Block Inspection Committee Messrs J S Gough and F R Warren; Eight Almshouses College Lane, South Block Inspection Committee Messrs Mr S M Oliver and Mr F H Taylor The plaque describes the demise of some of the earlier almshouses to which College Square was the culmination.

Three Rural District Councils would object to this extraordinary traffic, including Clare RDC in February General Booth of the Salvation Army visited a number of towns and villages of Suffolk in the summer of The Stowmarket Weekly Post gave very full accounts of speeches he gave at Stowmarket and Bury St.

Edmunds in the course of his sixth motor tour was the occasion of great enthusiasm, not only amongst members of the Salvation Army but amongst all classes of the Community who gathered in large numbers to welcome one whose work has become world wide.

Everyone who could possibly get out lined the route, and gave him enthusiastic cheers. In some places, the enthusiasm showed itself by showers of flower bouquets and Hair cloth made from horse hair was used to stiffen cloth for lapels etc and up to could only be made on hand looms.

The Gurteen family also erected a cricket pavilion for the town of Haverhill. Proclaiming the new King, Following the success of the Bury St Edmunds Pageant ofthe Town Improvement Committee turned to the idea of making a freely available public park amenity.

While this idea was being debated, an event occurred to give it a new focus. The death of King Edward VII and the impending coronation of King George V gave the occasion which the Committee felt deserved to be marked by a new public park.

The best way to do this was to acquire the rights to free access to the Abbey Gardens. With this incentive, the remainder was eventually raised, although it would take a year or two to raise the money and make the necessary arrangements. This would take until George V came to the throne when Edward VII died in May.

He was a Saxe-Coburg at this time, but in the family name would be changed to Windsor. At Bury there was a ceremony held on the Cornhill to proclaim George V as King on May 6th. The civic procession emerged from the Town Hall, now the Market Cross and proceeded to the War Memorial, where the Mayor made his, largely inaudible, announcement.

In Adolphe Goldschmidt had bought Cavenham Hall. His son Frank Goldsmith was elected as a Conservative MP for the Stowmarket Division of West Suffolk inwithout any qualms over his German descent. Indeed at this time it was fashionable to have German connections, and better off young men would happily take German holidays. This mood was supported by the fact that the royal family themselves were closely related to the German Kaiser and his family.

At the same time it was felt that German expansion meant that we should look to our defences. The German army was six times bigger than Britain's said Mr Greene at the first meeting of the National Service League in the Institute at Great Barton in November, Volunteers were called for to join the Territorial Army, and many from Great Barton joined the 6th Battalion Cyclists of the Suffolk Regiment.

Using bicycles for warfare seems ridiculous to us today, but with the horse still the main means of transport, the cheap and efficient cycle seemed an ideal way to move infantry quickly over reasonable distances. Despite the continued prevalence of the horse, it was possible to make a living by serving the needs of the motorist. Frank Burrell, the brother of amateur photographer Walton Burrell, had this garage in Mustow Street by It was just round the corner from Angel Hill, and next to Crescent House.

The West Suffolk Sanitorium was set up at where Shakers Lane joined Rougham Road, and catered for the treatment of the contagious disease of tuberculosis. It had just 12 beds for men only. In it was sold to the county council to become the West Suffolk County Council Sanitorium. Boot's Cash Chemists and Perfumers came to Bury with a mock Tudor building on the Cornhill of a type they built all over the country.

However, Boots always tried to give each one a local flavour. Its statues included St Edmund, for obvious reasons, King Edward I, for his parliaments here, Edward VI, for his Grammar School, King Canute, for founding the abbey, and Agricola, for crushing Boudicca. Today, Boots have moved a few doors away and the premises are occupied by W H Smith's. Roller Skating began in the Corn Exchange, a use which continued for half a century. On other days it was also used for flower shows, dinners and other large scale public gatherings.

Another two acres of land were donated to the Hospital by Oliver Johnson of Barrow. It was used to hold the Nurses Home in The Two Brewers inn in Westgate Street closed down. It had stood on its site near today's Parkway roundabout since at least Since about it had been in decline. The Duke of York in Whiting Street was also closed.

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It had been called the Ten Bells up tobut re-named for the Duke who had recently become Colonel of the Regiment to the Loyal Suffolk Hussars. Duringthe Moot Hall at Hawstead Place was to enjoy a trip to the seaside. The 15th century hall had been built at Hawstead Place, just outside Bury St Edmunds. Two directors of the firm of Christies, Gill and Reigat, bought it, having been in use as a granary by this time, and took it to pieces, labelling each item.

All the timbers, bricks and tiles were taken to Clacton by horse drawn carts, and re-assembled on the Marine Parade in Clacton. It had no staircase, and remained in use like that until stairs were installed 24 years later. Horringer Mill was a fine postmill that stood on the Horringer Road in Bury St Edmunds, one of several that had stood within the town.

It was known at the time as West Mill. Postmills are so called because they were built around a massive oak post. They were the most common type found in Suffolk, but by it was clear that more modern forms of large scale power were leading to the decline of local windmills.

In a steam mill had been built adjacent to this windmill, and is just out of sight to the left of this photograph by Harry Jarman. Horringer windmill gradually fell out of use and was demolished in During World War I, millers would be forced by government regulations to grind only animal feed thus limiting their usefulness. At the end of the war, there would be only working mills left in the whole country.

This picture was published by Mr O. Jarman, a photographer whose collection of negatives is now in the Suffolk Record Office, and is managed by the Bury St Edmunds Past and Present Society.

Whiting Street celebrations, BSE. George V's coronation took place on 22nd June,just over a year since his father died. There were street parties and celebrations held in every town and village. The photograph is thought to show the celebrations in Whiting Street, Bury St Edmunds. It had been hoped that the Abbey Gardens could be made open freely to the public by this date, but, as usual, there were many issues to be resolved. A great deal of legal wrangling ensued with the London lawyers of the Marquis of Bristol.

The Council team was led by Alderman Owen Clark and backed up by Alderman Thomas Nice. Clark eventually succeeded in negotiating a settlement. Chocolate from the Mayor. Although the Abbey Gardens project was still in progress, there were many other ideas to mark the King's coronation. The Mayor of Bury St Edmunds commissioned small tins of Fry's chocolate to give out to schoolchildren for the occasion.

John Ridley Hooper was Mayor of Bury St Edmunds from 9th November to 8th November, He would become Mayor twice more, in and Even railway engines were decorated for the coronation.

This picture owned by Michael Miller depicts his great grandfather, Harry Miller, standing on the rails, with Bob Abraham in the cab.

The engine was decked with flags and the royal portraits to celebrate the occasion. This engine operated from Bury St Edmunds station, and was regularly crewed by these two men. In order to permanently mark the occasion the council decided that Cemetery Road in Bury St Edmunds would be renamed Kings Road.

The census gave the population of Bury St Edmunds as 16, Ina group of Suffolk pig farmers set up a co-operative to process their own pigs for bacon and pork. By they had begun to build a factory at Elmswell, known as the St Edmundsbury and Ipswich Bacon Factory Ltd, to handle about pigs a week.

The foundation stone was laid in June,and opened in March by Frank Goldschmidt, the MP for Stowmarket, elected in Today the Elmswell Bacon Factory is a large modern plant, and all the original buildings are gone. John Farringdon was first recorded as living in Bury. From to he published a series of postcards of Suffolk recording the last of life before the Great War.

Pawsey's had been publishing postcards of the local area since By now, Bury had three small cinemas, two of which seem to have been in St Johns Street. They were the Rink Picture Palace and the Gem Electric Theatre. The Empire Picture Palace opened in in the Market Thoroughfare on St Andrews Street.

Travel and news films were mixed with live variety acts, and musicians played to accompany the films. The Gem would close inand the Empire or New Empire suffered a fire and closed in W Montgomery and Company had occupied premises at 6 Brentgovel Street, Bury St Edmunds, since as bicycle manufacturers.

By the s Montgomery was developing side carriages for the new motor cycles coming into production. Today these are called motor cycle side cars, and Montgomery is credited with their invention.

His workshop expanded to sell a combination of his own sidecars together with suitable motorcycles to accompany them. He soon invented a new form of engine silencer which he produced and sold, but by he was looking for larger premises.

Montgomery decided to move the whole enterprise to the Midlands, where the fledgling motor industry was establishing itself. He settled upon a location in Freeth Street in Coventry, and the company would flourish there until the Second World War. By the s Montgomery and Co would be producing classic superbikes such as the Montgomery-Anzani cc V-twin, and collaborating on the development of George Brough's famous Brough Superior model.

In and two volumes of the Victoria County History of Suffolk were published. Unfortunately the Great War extinguished any hope of producing more volumes, and the project has been defunct ever since. However, some useful work was produced, with assistance by Lillian Redstone. G T Rope contributed an article on the mammals of Suffolk. He believed that the badger was more or less extinct in Suffolk, having been exterminated as a pest of agriculture.

On the other hand, otters remained plentiful as they were hunted for "sport", and were not by now considered as vermin. The fox, however, had reduced so much during the 19th century that some Masters of Foxhounds had resorted to the importation of European foxes in order to provide the hunt with sufficient quarry.

In memory of Frank Riley Smith. At the early age of just 46, Frank Riley Smith of Great Barton Hall, died in March, In May ofFrank's brother had died in Yorkshire, an event which required Frank to give up local resposibilities such as Master of Foxhounds, to attend to the family brewing business, John Smith's of Tadcaster.

He was considering a permanent removal back to Yorkshire when he became ill later inbeing missed from many social occasions. He gave up his golf captaincies and gradually withdrew from view. His death caused a void in local life at all levels of society. His funeral brought Great Barton to a standstill, and crowds arrived from far and wide.

His widow paid for the rooms to be furnished. Riley Smith had occupied Barton Hall on a lease from the Bunbury family, who still owned it, although they now lived at Mildenhall. Later inafter Mrs Riley Smith gave up the tenancy, the Great Barton estate was leased to Sir John Smiley, who made further extensions to the property and took up residence.

Fire at 9 Angel Hill.

Number 9 Angel Hill burnt down on May 14th, and there is still a gap in the house line even today, next to Angel Corner. The year saw the wettest recorded summer ever in the United Kingdom. Spring had made a promising start to the year, but June was wet and cold. A major contributor to this weather must have been the eruption of the volcano Novarupta in Alaska on June 6th. Vast clouds of ash and droplets were blown into the upper atmosphere by one of the centuries most powerful eruptions. The ashcloud encircled the globe and reduced the penetration of sunlight for months.

August became the coldest, dullest and wettest August in history. During August there were heavy rains and widespread flooding in Suffolk. On the 24th August, about four inches of rain fell in 16 hours. A bridge at Stowlangtoft was swept away by the water. At Stowmarket the railway station became an island, and the trains could not run. The picture shows boys by the Pickerel Inn in Stowupland Street at Stowmarket. However, Norfolk was hit worse than Suffolk. North of a line from Kings Lynn to Beccles, the rainfall was even worse.

Up to 8 inches was said to have fallen on some places within 24 hours. Along the River Bure, which flows from Melton Constable through Wroxham and on to Great Yarmouth, many of the bridges were completely destroyed, as were millponds and their dams. Temple Bridge - rebuilt During and intothe Temple Bridge over the River Lark at Icklingham was rebuilt. This is the bridge that would have to be closed to traffic early in the 21st century, because it was cracking.

There seems to have been a bridge located here since Medieval times. At the time they were usually called the Abbey Grounds. The money to buy out the previous tenant was raised by public subscription to end the practice of charging for admission. The public now had free access to the grounds, a privilege which continues today. There was a grand opening by Lady Evelyn Guinness on December 28th. The speeches were drowned by a downpour, but a telegram was sent to the King at Sandringham, telling him that Bury's new park had been opened to commemorate his coronation.

Whatever the official name, a visit by local people was usually called "going to the Park". The council would not own the freehold until On 25th OctoberHorace Barker, curator of Moyses's Hall Museum wrote to the local press to celebrate the Borough Council's newly acquired park as follows: After his historical notes, he continued, "It is pitiable to compare the present state of the ruins with what is shown by 18th century prints, or even with what remained in one's own boyhood.

The tale of the gradual demolition of the various buildings might form the basis for a sad but interesting record. But it is to be hoped that under the zealous care of the Corporation all that remains of the once magnificent Abbey will be carefully preserved for the admiration and instruction of generations yet to come.

This view of the Cornhill in Bury St Edmunds is thought to be about It comes from a postcard published by Valentine's, and this particular example was posted in It shows Boots chemists, the Post Office, an Ironmongers, Liptons, Stead and Simpsons, the Maypole Dairy Company, and the Home and Colonial stores. The Duke of Edinburgh was a public house on the Buttermarket, located on the site where Macdonalds now stands. It was opened in and had been a carriers house. This meant that wagons coming to market would terminate here.

Unfortunately, although ideally located next to the market, it meant that any wagons parking here would block Brentgovel Street. In the days before one way systems, pedestrianisation and road closures this caused severe congestion in the already narrow alley which was Brentgovel Street.

It had been a cause of complaint for many years, and no doubt this contributed to the decision by Greene King brewers to relinquish the license in Not far away stood the Griffin, located on Cornhill, but at the head of St Johns Street. In its yard was adapted to make a garage for the new fangled motor car.

The Golden Fleece had stood on the corner of Churchgate Street and College Street sinceand was probably the last public house in Bury to brew its own beer. Brewing took place on two days a week right up until orwhen brewing on the premises ceased. The Golden Fleece itself continued as a pub until The only other Public House possibly still brewing its own beer at this time was the St Edmunds Head, in Cannon Street.

Manoeuvres of souvenir. Inthe 1st Battalion of the Suffolk Regiment were stationed in Egypt, while the 2nd Battalion were on home service in the UK. In March,they had been sent to police the national coal strike, at Chirk, near Wrexham, but by September they were back in Bury St Edmunds. From September 16th to the 19th,the army held its last large scale manoeuvres before the Great War broke out in The scenario, as described on Wikipedia, was that a Redland Army under Lieutenant-General Sir Douglas Haig, had invaded from a line along the North Norfolk coast, heading for London.

The Blueland army, made up of Southern Command 3rd Division and Eastern Command 4th Division and Territorialsunder Lieutenant-General Sir James Grierson, were based around Cambridge, and had to stop the Redlanders from reaching London. The 2nd Battalion of the Suffolks was part of the Blueland defending army. Red Army reached the Gog and Magog hills near cambridge on Day 1, but by using reconnaisance aircraft, Grierson later wrote that,"I "stayed in camp all day receiving reports and very soon locating all the lines of march and halting places of the Red forces".

On Day 2 Blue cavalry advanced to locate the enemy and fought with the Red 2nd Division near Hundon in Suffolk. The Blue 3rd Division ended the day in position from Reid's Farm to Rivey Hill. The Blue 4th Division concealed itself from aircraft and, after dark, moved through Saffron Walden and camped to the east of it.

On Day 3 the Blue infantry advanced to the line Horseheath—Helions Bumpstead. The hitherto concealed Blue 4th Division closed up on the right of the Blue 3rd, which had been strung out to represent the main force. The Blue cavalry was ordered to co-operate on the right of the 4th Division and the Territorials to advance from Cambridge to Linton. In the ensuing 'battle', Blue forces won a clear victory, bringing the manoeuvres to a close a day early.

The Blue forces bivouacked at Linton and Grierson celebrated his victory over Haig. Airship Gamma on Manoeuvres Each side had been issued with two flights of aeroplanes and an airship. The airships, or balloons, were named Gamma, built in and Delta, built in Delta was rigged as a non-rigid envelope in the manoeuvres.